Ecological anachronisms in the recruitment of temperate light-demanding tree species in wooded pastures
Identifieur interne : 000B56 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000B55; suivant : 000B57Ecological anachronisms in the recruitment of temperate light-demanding tree species in wooded pastures
Auteurs : E. S. Bakker [Pays-Bas] ; H. Olff [Pays-Bas] ; C. Vandenberghe [Pays-Bas, Belgique] ; K. De Maeyer [Pays-Bas, Belgique] ; R. Smit [Pays-Bas] ; J. M. Gleichman [Pays-Bas] ; F. W. M. Vera [Pays-Bas]Source :
- Journal of applied ecology [ 0021-8901 ] ; 2004.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
1. Light-demanding trees and thorny shrubs in temperate plant communities may reflect adaptations to now-extinct large grazers, such as aurochs and tarpans, rendering these adaptations ecological anachronisms. 2. We explored the ecological functions of plant traits of Quercus robur and Prunus spinosa in areas grazed by cattle and horses, the domesticated descendants of aurochs and tarpans. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that grazing induces a shifting mosaic of grassland, shrub thickets and woodlands through the key process of associational resistance: the protection of palatable young trees by thorny shrubs. 3. An exclosure experiment with transplanted Q. robur seedlings revealed that Q. robur grew best in grassland exclosures and on the edge of thorny shrub thickets, which may be viewed as an optimal balance between sufficient protection from large herbivores and sufficient light availability. 4. A cross-site comparison of four floodplain woodlands in north-western Europe showed that Q. robur can regenerate in the presence of large herbivores through spatial association with P spinosa. However, we found that expansion of P spinosa shrubs and Q. robur coincided with periods of low rabbit abundance and not with livestock density. From this, it appears that the process of associational resistance does not work with rabbits. 5. Synthesis and applications. With extensive grazing by large (domesticated) grazers in temperate floodplains, a shifting mosaic of grassland, shrubs and trees may develop that has high conservation value. Palatable, light-demanding Q. robur seedlings can successfully regenerate in spiny P spinosa shrubs through associational resistance. This process does not offer protection from abundant small herbivores, such as rabbits, that can inhibit the recruitment of shrubs and trees in this mosaic vegetation. In floodplain meadows frequent flooding may be an efficient way to reduce rabbit populations, with dry conditions in summer and wet in winter. When floodplain meadows are combined with adjacent higher grounds, large herbivores can escape the floods through migration.
Affiliations:
- Belgique, Pays-Bas
- Groningue (province), Gueldre (province), Province de Flandre-Orientale
- Gand, Groningue (ville), Wageningue
- Université de Gand, Université de Groningue, Université de Wageningue
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Corpus: 000099
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Curation: 000036
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Checkpoint: 000100
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000B70
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000B56
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Ecological anachronisms in the recruitment of temperate light-demanding tree species in wooded pastures</title><author><name sortKey="Bakker, E S" sort="Bakker, E S" uniqKey="Bakker E" first="E. S." last="Bakker">E. S. Bakker</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olff, H" sort="Olff, H" uniqKey="Olff H" first="H." last="Olff">H. Olff</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Tropical Nature Conservation and Vertebrate Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Community and Conservation Ecology Group, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, PO Box 14</s1><s2>9750 AA Haren</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>9750 AA Haren</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Groningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue (ville)</settlement><region>Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vandenberghe, C" sort="Vandenberghe, C" uniqKey="Vandenberghe C" first="C." last="Vandenberghe">C. Vandenberghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Biology, Research Group Terrestrial Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 291 S8</s1><s2>9000 Ghent</s2><s3>BEL</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Belgique</country><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Maeyer, K" sort="De Maeyer, K" uniqKey="De Maeyer K" first="K." last="De Maeyer">K. De Maeyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Biology, Research Group Terrestrial Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 291 S8</s1><s2>9000 Ghent</s2><s3>BEL</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Belgique</country><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smit, R" sort="Smit, R" uniqKey="Smit R" first="R." last="Smit">R. Smit</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gleichman, J M" sort="Gleichman, J M" uniqKey="Gleichman J" first="J. M." last="Gleichman">J. M. Gleichman</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vera, F W M" sort="Vera, F W M" uniqKey="Vera F" first="F. W. M." last="Vera">F. W. M. Vera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>National Forest Service, PO Box 1300</s1><s2>3970 BH Driebergen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>3970 BH Driebergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">04-0607553</idno><date when="2004">2004</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 04-0607553 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:04-0607553</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000099</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000036</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000100</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000100</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0021-8901:2004:Bakker E:ecological:anachronisms:in</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000B70</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000B56</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000B56</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Ecological anachronisms in the recruitment of temperate light-demanding tree species in wooded pastures</title><author><name sortKey="Bakker, E S" sort="Bakker, E S" uniqKey="Bakker E" first="E. S." last="Bakker">E. S. Bakker</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olff, H" sort="Olff, H" uniqKey="Olff H" first="H." last="Olff">H. Olff</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Tropical Nature Conservation and Vertebrate Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Community and Conservation Ecology Group, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, PO Box 14</s1><s2>9750 AA Haren</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>9750 AA Haren</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Groningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue (ville)</settlement><region>Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vandenberghe, C" sort="Vandenberghe, C" uniqKey="Vandenberghe C" first="C." last="Vandenberghe">C. Vandenberghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Biology, Research Group Terrestrial Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 291 S8</s1><s2>9000 Ghent</s2><s3>BEL</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Belgique</country><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Maeyer, K" sort="De Maeyer, K" uniqKey="De Maeyer K" first="K." last="De Maeyer">K. De Maeyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Biology, Research Group Terrestrial Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 291 S8</s1><s2>9000 Ghent</s2><s3>BEL</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Belgique</country><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smit, R" sort="Smit, R" uniqKey="Smit R" first="R." last="Smit">R. Smit</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gleichman, J M" sort="Gleichman, J M" uniqKey="Gleichman J" first="J. M." last="Gleichman">J. M. Gleichman</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Bornsesteeg 69</s1><s2>6708 PD Wageningen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>6708 PD Wageningen</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Wageningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Wageningue</settlement><region nuts="2">Gueldre (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vera, F W M" sort="Vera, F W M" uniqKey="Vera F" first="F. W. M." last="Vera">F. W. M. Vera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>National Forest Service, PO Box 1300</s1><s2>3970 BH Driebergen</s2><s3>NLD</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Pays-Bas</country><wicri:noRegion>3970 BH Driebergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of applied ecology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. appl. ecol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-8901</idno><imprint><date when="2004">2004</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of applied ecology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. appl. ecol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-8901</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Browsing</term><term>Capreolus capreolus</term><term>Defense mechanism</term><term>Ecology</term><term>Forest tree</term><term>Forest zone</term><term>Herbivorous</term><term>Interspecific association</term><term>Netherlands</term><term>Oryctolagus cuniculus</term><term>Pasture</term><term>Plant emergence</term><term>Population recruitment</term><term>Prunus spinosa</term><term>Quercus robur</term><term>Sensitivity resistance</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ecologie</term><term>Recrutement population</term><term>Arbre forestier</term><term>Levée plante</term><term>Broutage animal</term><term>Pâture</term><term>Zone forestière</term><term>Association interspécifique</term><term>Mécanisme défense</term><term>Herbivore</term><term>Sensibilité résistance</term><term>Pays Bas</term><term>Prunus spinosa</term><term>Quercus robur</term><term>Capreolus capreolus</term><term>Oryctolagus cuniculus</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">1. Light-demanding trees and thorny shrubs in temperate plant communities may reflect adaptations to now-extinct large grazers, such as aurochs and tarpans, rendering these adaptations ecological anachronisms. 2. We explored the ecological functions of plant traits of Quercus robur and Prunus spinosa in areas grazed by cattle and horses, the domesticated descendants of aurochs and tarpans. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that grazing induces a shifting mosaic of grassland, shrub thickets and woodlands through the key process of associational resistance: the protection of palatable young trees by thorny shrubs. 3. An exclosure experiment with transplanted Q. robur seedlings revealed that Q. robur grew best in grassland exclosures and on the edge of thorny shrub thickets, which may be viewed as an optimal balance between sufficient protection from large herbivores and sufficient light availability. 4. A cross-site comparison of four floodplain woodlands in north-western Europe showed that Q. robur can regenerate in the presence of large herbivores through spatial association with P spinosa. However, we found that expansion of P spinosa shrubs and Q. robur coincided with periods of low rabbit abundance and not with livestock density. From this, it appears that the process of associational resistance does not work with rabbits. 5. Synthesis and applications. With extensive grazing by large (domesticated) grazers in temperate floodplains, a shifting mosaic of grassland, shrubs and trees may develop that has high conservation value. Palatable, light-demanding Q. robur seedlings can successfully regenerate in spiny P spinosa shrubs through associational resistance. This process does not offer protection from abundant small herbivores, such as rabbits, that can inhibit the recruitment of shrubs and trees in this mosaic vegetation. In floodplain meadows frequent flooding may be an efficient way to reduce rabbit populations, with dry conditions in summer and wet in winter. When floodplain meadows are combined with adjacent higher grounds, large herbivores can escape the floods through migration.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Belgique</li><li>Pays-Bas</li></country><region><li>Groningue (province)</li><li>Gueldre (province)</li><li>Province de Flandre-Orientale</li></region><settlement><li>Gand</li><li>Groningue (ville)</li><li>Wageningue</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Gand</li><li>Université de Groningue</li><li>Université de Wageningue</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Gueldre (province)"><name sortKey="Bakker, E S" sort="Bakker, E S" uniqKey="Bakker E" first="E. S." last="Bakker">E. S. Bakker</name></region><name sortKey="De Maeyer, K" sort="De Maeyer, K" uniqKey="De Maeyer K" first="K." last="De Maeyer">K. De Maeyer</name><name sortKey="Gleichman, J M" sort="Gleichman, J M" uniqKey="Gleichman J" first="J. M." last="Gleichman">J. M. Gleichman</name><name sortKey="Olff, H" sort="Olff, H" uniqKey="Olff H" first="H." last="Olff">H. Olff</name><name sortKey="Olff, H" sort="Olff, H" uniqKey="Olff H" first="H." last="Olff">H. Olff</name><name sortKey="Smit, R" sort="Smit, R" uniqKey="Smit R" first="R." last="Smit">R. Smit</name><name sortKey="Vandenberghe, C" sort="Vandenberghe, C" uniqKey="Vandenberghe C" first="C." last="Vandenberghe">C. Vandenberghe</name><name sortKey="Vera, F W M" sort="Vera, F W M" uniqKey="Vera F" first="F. W. M." last="Vera">F. W. M. Vera</name></country><country name="Belgique"><region name="Province de Flandre-Orientale"><name sortKey="Vandenberghe, C" sort="Vandenberghe, C" uniqKey="Vandenberghe C" first="C." last="Vandenberghe">C. Vandenberghe</name></region><name sortKey="De Maeyer, K" sort="De Maeyer, K" uniqKey="De Maeyer K" first="K." last="De Maeyer">K. De Maeyer</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Bois/explor/CheneBelgiqueV2/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000B56 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000B56 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Bois
|area= CheneBelgiqueV2
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= Pascal:04-0607553
|texte= Ecological anachronisms in the recruitment of temperate light-demanding tree species in wooded pastures
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27. |  |